Sweden: Spending a packet

International Pharmaceutical Spending Controls: France, Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom

France, Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom each use different types of policies for controlling prescription drug spending. Until recent years, these policies have relied heavily on regulating prices charged by drug manufacturers, with different systems providing varying degrees of pricing freedom. While these policies appear to have brought some degree of price restraint, they have not pr...

Medicaid Spending: A Brief History

Medicaid spending growth has varied greatly over time. This article uses financial and statistical data to trace the history of Medicaid spending in relation to some of the major factors that have influenced its growth over the years. Periods of varying growth are divided into eight "eras," ranging from program startup in 1966 through the post-welfare reform period. Average expenditure and enro...

Spending symmetry

Social Policy in Japan and Sweden; A Proper Pattern for Iranian Elderlies

Objectives: In developed countries, aging of population is not a new phenomenon. However, in under development countries, such as Iran, it is necessary to think about the welfare of elderlies from now on. Due to the degradation of physical and mental abilities of elderlies, they are threatening by crucial problems. Therefore, to be safe and secure, elderlies must be provided by special supports...

Spending a little to save a lot

Phase III studies of disease-modifying agents for neurodegenerative disorders generally require hun­ dreds of patients to be followed for at least 2 years at a cost of millions of dollars. No matter how promis­ ing an agent may appear in preclinical studies and animal models, preliminary evidence that the treat­ ment is likely to be helpful in patients (proof-of­ concept) and that it is reasona...